{"id":2485,"date":"2024-12-31T21:08:20","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T21:08:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/how-are-plastics-created-a-step-by-step-guide\/"},"modified":"2024-12-31T21:08:20","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T21:08:20","slug":"%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d9%8a%d8%aa%d9%85-%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%83-%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a5%d8%b1%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a-%d8%ae%d8%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/how-are-plastics-created-a-step-by-step-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b <strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639 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class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org\/chemistry-101\/an-introduction-to-plastics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">2<\/a><\/sup>. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648 ABS \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/plastic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">1<\/a><\/sup>. \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649, <b>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a<\/b> \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645. \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/manufacturing-plastic-materials-1024x585.jpg\" alt=\"\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\" title=\"\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\" width=\"1024\" height=\"585\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-2488\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/manufacturing-plastic-materials-1024x585.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/manufacturing-plastic-materials-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/manufacturing-plastic-materials-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/manufacturing-plastic-materials-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/manufacturing-plastic-materials-1000x571.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/manufacturing-plastic-materials.jpg 1344w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 991 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a 3 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/energy.utah.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/Where-Do-Plastics-Come-From_Full-Lesson-Plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">3<\/a><\/sup>. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/energy.utah.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/Where-Do-Plastics-Come-From_Full-Lesson-Plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">3<\/a><\/sup>. \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637. \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 150,000 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/energy.utah.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/Where-Do-Plastics-Come-From_Full-Lesson-Plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">3<\/a><\/sup>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.azom.com\/article.aspx?ArticleID=21427\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u064a\u062b<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/plasticseurope.org\/plastics-explained\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 141 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a 3 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u062a\u0627 \u0648321 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a 3 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/energy.utah.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/Where-Do-Plastics-Come-From_Full-Lesson-Plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">3<\/a><\/sup>. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/plasticseurope.org\/plastics-explained\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0646\u0627. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631. \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u062b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/infinitalab.com\/plastics\/how-plastics-are-made\/?srsltid=AfmBOorIlMcIfQU2TnK3gTC0_xl_ctXUPvbzBDIYHZNoWZWNNsU3uP5m\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">6<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plastic-manufacturing-process-1024x585.jpg\" alt=\"\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\" title=\"\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\" width=\"1024\" height=\"585\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-2489\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plastic-manufacturing-process-1024x585.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plastic-manufacturing-process-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plastic-manufacturing-process-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plastic-manufacturing-process-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plastic-manufacturing-process-1000x571.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plastic-manufacturing-process.jpg 1344w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u062b\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u062b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a <a href=\"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%af%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%83-hdpe-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/a><sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/infinitalab.com\/plastics\/how-plastics-are-made\/?srsltid=AfmBOorIlMcIfQU2TnK3gTC0_xl_ctXUPvbzBDIYHZNoWZWNNsU3uP5m\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">6<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u062b\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629: \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641. \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/creating-polymers-1024x585.jpg\" alt=\"\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\" title=\"\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\" width=\"1024\" height=\"585\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-2490\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/creating-polymers-1024x585.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/creating-polymers-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/creating-polymers-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/creating-polymers-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/creating-polymers-1000x571.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/creating-polymers.jpg 1344w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aiche.org\/resources\/publications\/cep\/2015\/september\/making-plastics-monomer-polymer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">7<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\n\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/education\/classroom-activities\/role-playing-games\/case-of-plastics\/science-of-plastics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">8<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0640 PVC \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 PET. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aiche.org\/resources\/publications\/cep\/2015\/september\/making-plastics-monomer-polymer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">7<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\n\u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aiche.org\/resources\/publications\/cep\/2015\/september\/making-plastics-monomer-polymer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">7<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\n\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643. <a href=\"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%af%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aiche.org\/resources\/publications\/cep\/2015\/september\/making-plastics-monomer-polymer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">7<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\n\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aiche.org\/resources\/publications\/cep\/2015\/september\/making-plastics-monomer-polymer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">7<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\n\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/education\/classroom-activities\/role-playing-games\/case-of-plastics\/science-of-plastics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">8<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u063a\u0648\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645. \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pollutionsolutions-online.com\/news\/waste-management\/21\/breaking-news\/how-are-plastics-made\/56506\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">9<\/a><\/sup>. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/steps-in-plastic-production-1024x585.jpg\" alt=\"\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\" title=\"\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\" width=\"1024\" height=\"585\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-2491\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/steps-in-plastic-production-1024x585.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/steps-in-plastic-production-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/steps-in-plastic-production-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/steps-in-plastic-production-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/steps-in-plastic-production-1000x571.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/steps-in-plastic-production.jpg 1344w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641. \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pollutionsolutions-online.com\/news\/waste-management\/21\/breaking-news\/how-are-plastics-made\/56506\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">9<\/a><\/sup>. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pollutionsolutions-online.com\/news\/waste-management\/21\/breaking-news\/how-are-plastics-made\/56506\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">9<\/a><\/sup>. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0635\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0631<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/formlabs.com\/blog\/guide-to-manufacturing-processes-for-plastics\/?srsltid=AfmBOoqof9cnrK1bjK_D4Cdv0Nx1uqFE6usOPXXiYv4nyiBx5p9oECrl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">10<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0628\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 Flying Tiger \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tigerkj.com\/en\/blog-detail\/how_is_plastic_made\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 ABS \u0648 PLA<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/formlabs.com\/blog\/guide-to-manufacturing-processes-for-plastics\/?srsltid=AfmBOoqof9cnrK1bjK_D4Cdv0Nx1uqFE6usOPXXiYv4nyiBx5p9oECrl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">10<\/a><\/sup>. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/formlabs.com\/blog\/guide-to-manufacturing-processes-for-plastics\/?srsltid=AfmBOoqof9cnrK1bjK_D4Cdv0Nx1uqFE6usOPXXiYv4nyiBx5p9oECrl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">10<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0632\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.starplastics.com\/plastic-compounding-101\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">11<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.plasticservice.com\/industry-news\/4047\/what-is-plastic-compounding\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">12<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exirpolymer.com\/plastic-compounding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">13<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.plasticservice.com\/industry-news\/4047\/what-is-plastic-compounding\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">12<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.starplastics.com\/plastic-compounding-101\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">11<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exirpolymer.com\/plastic-compounding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">13<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (DFM)<\/h3>\n<p><em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (DFM)<\/em> \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.protolabs.com\/resources\/guides-and-trend-reports\/designing-for-moldability-fundamental-elements\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">14<\/a><\/sup>. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.protolabs.com\/resources\/guides-and-trend-reports\/designing-for-moldability-fundamental-elements\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">14<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.xometry.com\/resources\/injection-molding\/basics-of-plastic-injection-molding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">15<\/a><\/sup>. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.protolabs.com\/resources\/guides-and-trend-reports\/designing-for-moldability-fundamental-elements\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">14<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/h3>\n<p>\u062b\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10,000 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.xometry.com\/resources\/injection-molding\/basics-of-plastic-injection-molding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">15<\/a><\/sup>. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.protolabs.com\/resources\/guides-and-trend-reports\/designing-for-moldability-fundamental-elements\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">14<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0645\u0644<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.protolabs.com\/resources\/guides-and-trend-reports\/designing-for-moldability-fundamental-elements\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">14<\/a><\/sup>. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062e \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.starrapid.com\/blog\/the-top-7-ways-of-forming-plastics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">16<\/a><\/sup>. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.starrapid.com\/blog\/the-top-7-ways-of-forming-plastics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">16<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.starrapid.com\/blog\/the-top-7-ways-of-forming-plastics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">16<\/a><\/sup>. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0641 O<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.starrapid.com\/blog\/the-top-7-ways-of-forming-plastics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">16<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/formlabs.com\/blog\/guide-to-manufacturing-processes-for-plastics\/?srsltid=AfmBOorKTXBG2LbdU52DCa8NJpvK9ZdOQD8ZNqwlxc3kqmSD_xwqIX3N\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">17<\/a><\/sup>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/formlabs.com\/blog\/guide-to-manufacturing-processes-for-plastics\/?srsltid=AfmBOorKTXBG2LbdU52DCa8NJpvK9ZdOQD8ZNqwlxc3kqmSD_xwqIX3N\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">17<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10,000 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.starrapid.com\/blog\/the-top-7-ways-of-forming-plastics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">16<\/a><\/sup>. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 50 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0641\u0632 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/education\/classroom-activities\/role-playing-games\/case-of-plastics\/history-and-future-of-plastics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">18<\/a><\/sup>. \u062b\u0645 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 300%\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/education\/classroom-activities\/role-playing-games\/case-of-plastics\/history-and-future-of-plastics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">18<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0641\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0630\u0647\u0628 8 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2050\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631<sup class=\"citation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.plasticfreejuly.org\/the-plastic-pollution-issues\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">19<\/a><\/sup>. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ever wondered how plastics are made from stuff like crude oil and natural gas? It&#8217;s a cool mix of science and careful making. We&#8217;re going to look into how plastic is made, starting with raw stuff from the Earth to the everyday items we use. Plastics are a big part of our lives and come [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2487,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[313,309,312,53,194,310,142,308,311,314],"class_list":["post-2485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reference-technology","tag-environmental-impact-of-plastics","tag-petrochemical-industry","tag-plastic-injection-molding","tag-plastic-manufacturing","tag-plastic-pollution","tag-plastic-production-process","tag-plastic-recycling","tag-polymer-chemistry","tag-synthetic-materials","tag-types-of-plastics"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2485","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2485"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2485\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2487"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jiantaimachine.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2485"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}